standard tier · 72 briefs · 1,368 runs · results db2e24e

CityFormGen

Generative and optimisation methods for middle housing, compared under matched compute

RESEARCH GENERATIVE-DESIGN BENCHMARK - NOT CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATION OR CODE CERTIFICATION.

medium · maisonette · 2 storeys

B0046: a rowhouse on a 19.9 × 22.1 m lot

3 dwellings, 29 rooms. The pooled front across all methods holds 105 nondominated designs.

Requirements

Lot
19.9 × 22.1 m (440 m²)
Street side faces
225° (0 = north)
Setbacks front / rear / left / right
5 / 5.2 / 2.4 / 1.7 m
Storeys × height
2 × 2.8 m
Shared core
no, street-entered dwellings
Open space, net of parking
36% of the lot
Parking spaces
0
Courtyard
not required
Tightness (programme / buildable volume)
0.558

Programme

DwellingTypeStoreyMin m²Rooms
U02BRall63entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, circulation, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary, bathroom, circulation
U13BRall84entry, living, dining, kitchen, bathroom, circulation, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary, bedroom secondary, bathroom, circulation
U22BRall63entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, circulation, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary, bathroom, circulation

Required contacts: entry–living, kitchen–living. Doors forbidden between: entry–bedroom_primary, entry–bedroom_secondary, kitchen–bathroom.

Results by method

MethodSolvedHVEvalssNotes
Heuristic0%0.0005862.4
Random search0%0.00015006.8
Simulated annealing0%0.00015007.1
NSGA-II67%0.05515008.2
CP-SAT0%0.00004.6solver timeout
Random sketch + repair33%0.03715007.1repair collapse
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II0%0.00015007.2repair collapse

Mean over 1 seeds (the heuristic is deterministic: one run).

Representative designs from the pooled front

Each is best on one objective, or the knee: the most balanced trade-off. None is best overall.

Closest attempts that failed

For methods that found nothing feasible: their least-infeasible design, with its violations marked on its page.

Pareto explorer

Loading designs…

Convergence on this brief

Archive hypervolume against evaluations, mean over seeds.

Heuristic
00.051500 ev
Random search
00.051500 ev
Simulated annealing
00.051500 ev
NSGA-II
00.051500 ev
CP-SAT
00.051500 ev
Random sketch + repair
00.051500 ev
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II
00.051500 ev

What stopped designs here

Share of each method's evaluated designs that violated each constraint.
methodC04C05C06C07C08C09C10C11
Heuristic62%100%76%1%1%10%6%100%
Random search93%100%100%32%13%79%95%61%
Simulated annealing72%93%92%14%6%64%62%64%
NSGA-II58%87%79%9%3%77%44%18%
Random sketch + repair59%77%71%4%3%65%67%42%
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II75%100%75%1%3%26%52%39%

Constraint definitions