standard tier · 72 briefs · 1,368 runs · results db2e24e

CityFormGen

Generative and optimisation methods for middle housing, compared under matched compute

RESEARCH GENERATIVE-DESIGN BENCHMARK - NOT CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATION OR CODE CERTIFICATION.

medium · flats · 2 storeys

B0044: a duplex on a 13.8 × 20.7 m lot

2 dwellings, 10 rooms. The pooled front across all methods holds 283 nondominated designs.

Requirements

Lot
13.8 × 20.7 m (286 m²)
Street side faces
30° (0 = north)
Setbacks front / rear / left / right
6.4 / 6.6 / 1.6 / 1.9 m
Storeys × height
2 × 2.8 m
Shared core
yes (access gallery + stair)
Open space, net of parking
38% of the lot
Parking spaces
0
Courtyard
not required
Tightness (programme / buildable volume)
0.638

Programme

DwellingTypeStoreyMin m²Rooms
U01BR046entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary
U11BR146entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary

Required contacts: entry–living, kitchen–living. Doors forbidden between: entry–bedroom_primary, entry–bedroom_secondary, kitchen–bathroom.

Results by method

MethodSolvedHVEvalssNotes
Heuristic100%0.1232480.5
Random search33%0.00615003.0
Simulated annealing100%0.11615003.6
NSGA-II100%0.10415004.1
CP-SAT100%0.108486.8
Random sketch + repair67%0.06715003.7repair collapse
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II100%0.06315003.6repair collapse

Mean over 1 seeds (the heuristic is deterministic: one run).

Representative designs from the pooled front

Each is best on one objective, or the knee: the most balanced trade-off. None is best overall.

Pareto explorer

Loading designs…

Convergence on this brief

Archive hypervolume against evaluations, mean over seeds.

Heuristic
00.121500 ev
Random search
00.121500 ev
Simulated annealing
00.121500 ev
NSGA-II
00.121500 ev
CP-SAT
00.121500 ev
Random sketch + repair
00.121500 ev
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II
00.121500 ev

What stopped designs here

Share of each method's evaluated designs that violated each constraint.
methodC04C05C06C07C08C09C10C11
Heuristic32%63%35%2%1%
Random search77%98%67%63%18%74%19%86%
Simulated annealing34%58%29%14%6%28%11%35%
NSGA-II29%57%33%11%9%28%11%28%
Random sketch + repair33%59%52%6%12%59%18%41%
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II45%78%51%13%7%33%11%27%

Constraint definitions