standard tier · 72 briefs · 1,368 runs · results db2e24e

CityFormGen

Generative and optimisation methods for middle housing, compared under matched compute

RESEARCH GENERATIVE-DESIGN BENCHMARK - NOT CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATION OR CODE CERTIFICATION.

medium · flats · 2 storeys

B0026: a duplex on a 13.6 × 18.3 m lot

2 dwellings, 11 rooms. The pooled front across all methods holds 312 nondominated designs.

Requirements

Lot
13.6 × 18.3 m (249 m²)
Street side faces
345° (0 = north)
Setbacks front / rear / left / right
4.6 / 5.4 / 1.5 / 1.8 m
Storeys × height
2 × 2.8 m
Shared core
yes (access gallery + stair)
Open space, net of parking
36% of the lot
Parking spaces
0
Courtyard
not required
Tightness (programme / buildable volume)
0.691

Programme

DwellingTypeStoreyMin m²Rooms
U01BR046entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary
U12BR163entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary

Required contacts: entry–living, kitchen–living. Doors forbidden between: entry–bedroom_primary, entry–bedroom_secondary, kitchen–bathroom.

Results by method

MethodSolvedHVEvalssNotes
Heuristic100%0.1252420.5
Random search33%0.02515003.1
Simulated annealing100%0.10715003.6
NSGA-II100%0.11815005.0
CP-SAT100%0.108486.8
Random sketch + repair100%0.10515005.3repair collapse
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II100%0.09315005.3repair collapse

Mean over 1 seeds (the heuristic is deterministic: one run).

Representative designs from the pooled front

Each is best on one objective, or the knee: the most balanced trade-off. None is best overall.

Pareto explorer

Loading designs…

Convergence on this brief

Archive hypervolume against evaluations, mean over seeds.

Heuristic
00.131500 ev
Random search
00.131500 ev
Simulated annealing
00.131500 ev
NSGA-II
00.131500 ev
CP-SAT
00.131500 ev
Random sketch + repair
00.131500 ev
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II
00.131500 ev

What stopped designs here

Share of each method's evaluated designs that violated each constraint.
methodC04C05C06C07C08C09C10C11
Heuristic23%60%42%1%1%1%
Random search85%99%67%98%23%76%36%86%
Simulated annealing40%69%41%51%9%38%16%47%
NSGA-II34%68%33%43%7%30%18%31%
Random sketch + repair39%53%37%10%8%19%32%34%
Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II28%62%54%31%8%36%10%23%

Constraint definitions