easy · flats · 2 storeys
B0020: a duplex on a 18 × 21.2 m lot
2 dwellings, 12 rooms. The pooled front across all methods holds 481 nondominated designs.
Requirements
- Lot
- 18 × 21.2 m (382 m²)
- Street side faces
- 120° (0 = north)
- Setbacks front / rear / left / right
- 3.3 / 7.9 / 2.4 / 2.2 m
- Storeys × height
- 2 × 2.8 m
- Shared core
- yes (access gallery + stair)
- Open space, net of parking
- ≥ 30% of the lot
- Parking spaces
- 0
- Courtyard
- not required
- Tightness (programme / buildable volume)
- 0.504
Programme
| Dwelling | Type | Storey | Min m² | Rooms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| U0 | 2BR | 0 | 63 | entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary |
| U1 | 2BR | 1 | 63 | entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary |
Required contacts: entry–living, kitchen–living. Doors forbidden between: entry–bedroom_primary, entry–bedroom_secondary, kitchen–bathroom.
Results by method
| Method | Solved | HV | Evals | s | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heuristic | 100% | 0.201 | 212 | 0.5 | |
| Random search | 100% | 0.086 | 1500 | 3.3 | |
| Simulated annealing | 100% | 0.184 | 1500 | 4.1 | |
| NSGA-II | 100% | 0.186 | 1500 | 5.4 | |
| CP-SAT | 100% | 0.208 | 38 | 6.8 | |
| Random sketch + repair | 100% | 0.216 | 1500 | 5.2 | repair collapse |
| Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II | 100% | 0.126 | 1500 | 4.8 |
Mean over 1 seeds (the heuristic is deterministic: one run).
Representative designs from the pooled front
Each is best on one objective, or the knee: the most balanced trade-off. None is best overall.
Pareto explorer
Loading designs…
Convergence on this brief
Archive hypervolume against evaluations, mean over seeds.
What stopped designs here
| method | C04 | C05 | C06 | C07 | C08 | C09 | C10 | C11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heuristic | – | 17% | 29% | – | – | – | – | 1% |
| Random search | 24% | 89% | 72% | 9% | 19% | 75% | 49% | 85% |
| Simulated annealing | 23% | 57% | 48% | 6% | 8% | 31% | 23% | 33% |
| NSGA-II | 19% | 48% | 35% | 8% | 6% | 28% | 19% | 27% |
| Random sketch + repair | 22% | 56% | 49% | 5% | 11% | 22% | 30% | 47% |
| Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II | 30% | 63% | 42% | 5% | 2% | 23% | 13% | 18% |