hard · flats · 2 storeys
B0014: a duplex on a 15.1 × 21 m lot
2 dwellings, 12 rooms. The pooled front across all methods holds 326 nondominated designs.
Requirements
- Lot
- 15.1 × 21 m (317 m²)
- Street side faces
- 165° (0 = north)
- Setbacks front / rear / left / right
- 5.6 / 6.1 / 1.2 / 1.5 m
- Storeys × height
- 2 × 2.8 m
- Shared core
- yes (access gallery + stair)
- Open space, net of parking
- ≥ 40% of the lot
- Parking spaces
- 0
- Courtyard
- not required
- Tightness (programme / buildable volume)
- 0.586
Programme
| Dwelling | Type | Storey | Min m² | Rooms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| U0 | 2BR | 0 | 63 | entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary |
| U1 | 2BR | 1 | 63 | entry, living, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom primary, bedroom secondary |
Required contacts: entry–living, kitchen–living. Doors forbidden between: entry–bedroom_primary, entry–bedroom_secondary, kitchen–bathroom.
Results by method
| Method | Solved | HV | Evals | s | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heuristic | 100% | 0.248 | 294 | 0.6 | |
| Random search | 100% | 0.079 | 1500 | 2.7 | |
| Simulated annealing | 100% | 0.153 | 1500 | 3.0 | |
| NSGA-II | 100% | 0.177 | 1500 | 4.1 | |
| CP-SAT | 100% | 0.199 | 47 | 6.8 | |
| Random sketch + repair | 100% | 0.210 | 1500 | 4.2 | repair collapse |
| Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II | 100% | 0.040 | 1500 | 3.3 | repair collapse |
Mean over 1 seeds (the heuristic is deterministic: one run).
Representative designs from the pooled front
Each is best on one objective, or the knee: the most balanced trade-off. None is best overall.
Pareto explorer
Loading designs…
Convergence on this brief
Archive hypervolume against evaluations, mean over seeds.
What stopped designs here
| method | C04 | C05 | C06 | C07 | C08 | C09 | C10 | C11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heuristic | 3% | 28% | 20% | – | – | – | 3% | – |
| Random search | 46% | 94% | 71% | 35% | 21% | 75% | 52% | 86% |
| Simulated annealing | 22% | 59% | 44% | 8% | 8% | 43% | 24% | 42% |
| NSGA-II | 20% | 55% | 38% | 10% | 9% | 28% | 20% | 31% |
| Random sketch + repair | 23% | 50% | 53% | 6% | 6% | 26% | 26% | 44% |
| Heuristic-seeded NSGA-II | 37% | 64% | 70% | 16% | 2% | 24% | 16% | 18% |